Did you know that a faucet leaking 60 drops a minute will waste 2,299 gallons of water a year? And you may be paying for it twice, once for the water actually going through your meter and again on your sewer bill if it’s based on your water usage.

Most faucets can be categorized as “washerless” (port-type) faucets (either single- handle or two-handle) or “compression” (washer-type) faucets.

Control of the water flow through washerless faucets is done by a replaceable cartridge or arrangement of seals inside. They have holes and ports in them that are lined up or not by turning the faucet handle to control the water flow. Giving the handle an extra-hard twist to stop water flow will not work because no compression strength is used; control is achieved simply through aligning the holes and ports inside the faucet.

Being washerless does not mean these faucets will never leak, but the parts will last much longer because the design minimizes friction and wear. Repairing this kind of faucet requires that you know the brand name or have a sample of the part you require because hundreds of faucet cartridges and parts kits are available. Your plumber can’t possibly carry every kind of part on his truck so it’s helpful to let him know in advance what kind you have.

Control of the water flow through a compression faucet is done by a washer being raised and lowered on a seat inside the faucet body by turning the handle. The washer is attached to the stem attached the handle. Turning the handle compresses the washer down on the seat so an extra hard twist often is enough to stop drips.

But if the washer or seat is worn, water may still get through. Then, replacing the washer may solve the problem. So first, turn off the water and remove the stem with the washer attached to its bottom – being careful not to mar the faucet (pad your wrench with a cloth).

Look at the seat; it it’s severely nicked or worn, you’re often better off expense-wise calling your licensed plumber to replace the faucet than you or him trying to smooth out the old seat. (If the seat is removable, of course, get a new one and then just replace it.)

If the seat looks good and you do want to replace the washer, remove the screw that holds it in place and put on a new one that fits snugly without having to be forced into position. Use one made of material for hot or cold water, or is made of neoprene (which is good for both and provides long life). Replace the washer screw, wipe out the faucet insides and reassemble. Be careful not to tighten the packing nut more than necessary to stop seepage around the faucet stem. Turn the water back on.